Common Cold: symptoms, causes & treatment in Nigeria
Also known as catarrh, cold.
This page is general health information, not a diagnosis. Always consult a licensed clinician about your own health.
Overview
The common cold is a mild viral infection of the nose and throat — what many Nigerians simply call catarrh. It clears on its own within about a week and does not need antibiotics. Frequent colds are common in children and during weather changes or harmattan.
Symptoms
Runny or blocked nose
Sneezing
Sore or scratchy throat
Mild cough
Mild headache
Low-grade fever (more common in children)
Causes & risk factors
Viruses spread by droplets and contaminated hands
Close contact with someone who has a cold
Dust and harmattan irritation making symptoms worse
Treatment & self-care
Rest, warm fluids and simple remedies such as steam inhalation and saline nose drops relieve symptoms while the body clears the virus. Paracetamol-type relief helps aches and fever. Antibiotics do not work for colds; see a clinician only if symptoms persist or worsen.
See a doctor urgently if
Symptoms lasting beyond 10 days or getting worse after a week
High fever or severe facial pain
Ear pain, especially in a child
Difficulty breathing or wheezing
Frequently asked questions
What are the first signs of Common Cold?
Early signs often include runny or blocked nose, sneezing, sore or scratchy throat. Symptoms vary from person to person, so a proper assessment by a doctor is the only way to be sure.
Can Common Cold be treated?
Rest, warm fluids and simple remedies such as steam inhalation and saline nose drops relieve symptoms while the body clears the virus. Paracetamol-type relief helps aches and fever. Antibiotics do not work for colds; see a clinician only if symptoms persist or worsen.
When should I see a doctor about Common Cold?
See a doctor promptly if you notice: symptoms lasting beyond 10 days or getting worse after a week; high fever or severe facial pain; ear pain, especially in a child; difficulty breathing or wheezing.