Constipation: symptoms, causes & treatment in Nigeria
Also known as hard stool, difficulty toileting.
This page is general health information, not a diagnosis. Always consult a licensed clinician about your own health.
Overview
Constipation means passing hard stools infrequently or with straining. It is usually caused by a low-fibre diet, too little water and inactivity, and responds well to lifestyle changes. Persistent or new-onset constipation in an older adult deserves proper assessment.
Symptoms
Fewer than three bowel movements a week
Hard, dry or pellet-like stools
Straining or pain when passing stool
Feeling of incomplete emptying
Bloating and abdominal discomfort
Causes & risk factors
Low-fibre diet and inadequate fluid intake
Physical inactivity
Ignoring the urge to go
Certain medicines (some painkillers, iron, antacids)
Underlying conditions such as hypothyroidism or diabetes
Treatment & self-care
Increase fibre gradually (beans, vegetables, fruits, whole grains), drink more water, stay active and respond promptly to the urge to go. Doctors may recommend a laxative for short-term relief while habits change. Avoid becoming dependent on stimulant laxatives or "washout" purges.
See a doctor urgently if
Constipation alternating with diarrhoea, or blood in stool
New, persistent constipation after age 45
Severe abdominal pain, vomiting or a swollen abdomen
Unexplained weight loss
Frequently asked questions
What are the first signs of Constipation?
Early signs often include fewer than three bowel movements a week, hard, dry or pellet-like stools, straining or pain when passing stool. Symptoms vary from person to person, so a proper assessment by a doctor is the only way to be sure.
Can Constipation be treated?
Increase fibre gradually (beans, vegetables, fruits, whole grains), drink more water, stay active and respond promptly to the urge to go. Doctors may recommend a laxative for short-term relief while habits change. Avoid becoming dependent on stimulant laxatives or "washout" purges.
When should I see a doctor about Constipation?
See a doctor promptly if you notice: constipation alternating with diarrhoea, or blood in stool; new, persistent constipation after age 45; severe abdominal pain, vomiting or a swollen abdomen; unexplained weight loss.