Skip to content

Internal Medicine

Tuberculosis (TB): symptoms, causes & treatment in Nigeria

Also known as TB, chronic cough disease.

This page is general health information, not a diagnosis. Always consult a licensed clinician about your own health.

Overview

Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection that usually attacks the lungs and spreads through the air when an infected person coughs. Nigeria carries one of the highest TB burdens in the world, yet diagnosis and the full six-month treatment are free at government-designated centres. Any cough lasting two weeks or more should be tested.

Symptoms

  • Cough lasting two weeks or more
  • Coughing up blood
  • Night sweats
  • Fever, especially in the evenings
  • Unintentional weight loss
  • Loss of appetite
  • Chest pain

Causes & risk factors

  • Inhaling bacteria from an infectious person's cough
  • Living in crowded or poorly ventilated housing
  • Weakened immunity, especially HIV
  • Malnutrition, diabetes or heavy smoking

Treatment & self-care

TB is cured with a standardised course of antibiotics taken daily for at least six months — stopping early breeds drug resistance, which is far harder to treat. Treatment and testing are free at DOTS centres nationwide. Good nutrition, ventilation and screening household contacts complete the care.

See a doctor urgently if

  • Cough lasting more than two weeks
  • Coughing up blood
  • Night sweats with weight loss
  • Close contact with someone diagnosed with TB
  • TB symptoms in someone living with HIV

Frequently asked questions

What are the first signs of Tuberculosis (TB)?
Early signs often include cough lasting two weeks or more, coughing up blood, night sweats. Symptoms vary from person to person, so a proper assessment by a doctor is the only way to be sure.
Can Tuberculosis (TB) be treated?
TB is cured with a standardised course of antibiotics taken daily for at least six months — stopping early breeds drug resistance, which is far harder to treat. Treatment and testing are free at DOTS centres nationwide. Good nutrition, ventilation and screening household contacts complete the care.
When should I see a doctor about Tuberculosis (TB)?
See a doctor promptly if you notice: cough lasting more than two weeks; coughing up blood; night sweats with weight loss; close contact with someone diagnosed with tb; tb symptoms in someone living with hiv.

Talk to the right specialist

Tuberculosis (TB) is usually handled by internal medicine. See an online internal medicine doctor in minutes on GoDoctor.

Related conditions

Lab tests that may help