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Obstetrics & Gynecology

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): symptoms, causes & treatment in Nigeria

Also known as PCOS, ovarian cysts syndrome.

This page is general health information, not a diagnosis. Always consult a licensed clinician about your own health.

Overview

PCOS is a hormonal condition in which the ovaries produce excess male-type hormones, causing irregular periods, acne, excess facial hair and difficulty ovulating — a leading, treatable cause of female infertility. It also raises long-term risk of diabetes. Weight management and targeted treatment restore cycles and fertility for many women.

Symptoms

  • Irregular, infrequent or absent periods
  • Difficulty getting pregnant
  • Excess hair on the face, chest or abdomen
  • Persistent acne
  • Weight gain, especially around the waist
  • Thinning scalp hair
  • Dark velvety skin patches at the neck or armpits

Causes & risk factors

  • Hormonal imbalance with excess androgens
  • Insulin resistance driving the hormone disturbance
  • Family history
  • Weight gain worsening the cycle

Treatment & self-care

Even modest weight loss (5-10%) can restart regular ovulation; doctors add treatments tailored to your goal — cycle-regulating medicines, ovulation-stimulating treatment for those trying to conceive, or measures for hair and skin symptoms. Periodic screening for diabetes and cholesterol protects long-term health. PCOS is managed, not cured, and most women with it can have children.

See a doctor urgently if

  • Fewer than eight or nine periods a year
  • No period for three months or more (not pregnant)
  • Trying to conceive for over a year without success
  • Rapidly increasing facial hair or deepening voice

Frequently asked questions

What are the first signs of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)?
Early signs often include irregular, infrequent or absent periods, difficulty getting pregnant, excess hair on the face, chest or abdomen. Symptoms vary from person to person, so a proper assessment by a doctor is the only way to be sure.
Can Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) be treated?
Even modest weight loss (5-10%) can restart regular ovulation; doctors add treatments tailored to your goal — cycle-regulating medicines, ovulation-stimulating treatment for those trying to conceive, or measures for hair and skin symptoms. Periodic screening for diabetes and cholesterol protects long-term health. PCOS is managed, not cured, and most women with it can have children.
When should I see a doctor about Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)?
See a doctor promptly if you notice: fewer than eight or nine periods a year; no period for three months or more (not pregnant); trying to conceive for over a year without success; rapidly increasing facial hair or deepening voice.

Talk to the right specialist

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is usually handled by obstetrics & gynecology. See an online obstetrics & gynecology doctor in minutes on GoDoctor.

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