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Obstetrics & Gynecology

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): symptoms, causes & treatment in Nigeria

Also known as pelvic infection, womb infection.

This page is general health information, not a diagnosis. Always consult a licensed clinician about your own health.

Overview

PID is infection of the womb, fallopian tubes and ovaries, usually from untreated sexually transmitted infections that travel upward. It causes lower abdominal pain and abnormal discharge — and silently scars the tubes, making it a major cause of infertility and ectopic pregnancy among Nigerian women. Early antibiotic treatment prevents that damage.

Symptoms

  • Lower abdominal or pelvic pain
  • Abnormal vaginal discharge, sometimes with odour
  • Pain during or after sex
  • Bleeding between periods or after sex
  • Fever
  • Pain when urinating

Causes & risk factors

  • Untreated gonorrhoea or chlamydia ascending from the cervix
  • Other bacterial infections after delivery, miscarriage or procedures
  • Multiple partners without condom use
  • Douching disturbing the natural balance

Treatment & self-care

PID is treated with a full course of antibiotics prescribed after assessment — completed entirely, even when pain settles early — and sexual partners must be treated to prevent reinfection. Severe cases with high fever or an abscess need hospital care. Avoid sex until treatment is complete, and treat any STI promptly in future.

See a doctor urgently if

  • Lower abdominal pain with abnormal discharge or fever
  • Severe pelvic pain — same day
  • Pain with vomiting or fainting
  • Symptoms after a recent delivery, miscarriage or procedure
  • Missed period with pelvic pain (rule out ectopic)

Frequently asked questions

What are the first signs of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)?
Early signs often include lower abdominal or pelvic pain, abnormal vaginal discharge, sometimes with odour, pain during or after sex. Symptoms vary from person to person, so a proper assessment by a doctor is the only way to be sure.
Can Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) be treated?
PID is treated with a full course of antibiotics prescribed after assessment — completed entirely, even when pain settles early — and sexual partners must be treated to prevent reinfection. Severe cases with high fever or an abscess need hospital care. Avoid sex until treatment is complete, and treat any STI promptly in future.
When should I see a doctor about Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)?
See a doctor promptly if you notice: lower abdominal pain with abnormal discharge or fever; severe pelvic pain — same day; pain with vomiting or fainting; symptoms after a recent delivery, miscarriage or procedure; missed period with pelvic pain (rule out ectopic).

Talk to the right specialist

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is usually handled by obstetrics & gynecology. See an online obstetrics & gynecology doctor in minutes on GoDoctor.

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Lab tests that may help